Atomic Habits

單維彰的私人書摘

James Clear (2018). Atomic Habits. New York: Penguin Random House.

作者的書寫如其姓氏──Clear──這也是詹明峰老師推薦這本書給我的理由。 我在 60 歲生日之前讀了它，瀏覽一下就知道這本書不是給我這把年紀的人讀的。 不必過謙地說：基本上，他寫的內容我全都已經知道，或者已經自己想到。 有些部份還不只是「所見略同」而已，而是我也用了同樣的修辭表達過同樣的看法。 但我也有收穫：我獲得一份「知識寫作」的範例。 以前只有篇章規模的範例，但這本書提供一本書籍規模的範例。 將來指導學生（或自己從事）知識寫作時，應時時想到這本書的楷模。

建立／斷絕好習慣／壞習慣的四條共同原則 (p.54)：

1. Cue: Make it obvious / invisible.
2. Craving: Make it attractive / unattractive.
3. Response: Make it easy / difficult.
4. Reward: Make it satisfying / unsatisfying.

不只是健康／疾病的傾向，個性特徵也跟基因有關。 p.219 有以下說法。

In short: genes do not determine your destiny. They determine your areas of opportunity. As physician Gabor Mate notes, "Genes can predispose, but they don't predetermine." The areas where you are genetically predisposed to success are the areas where habits are more likely to be satisfying.

根據這本書的整理，彷彿基因影醒個性（的基本面）已成定論。 我暫時接受，但是仍持保留態度。p.220 引述一位 Robert Plomin，

a behavioral geneticist at King's College in London, told me, "It is now at the point where we have stopped testing to see if traits have a genetic component because we literally can't find a single one that isn't influenced by our genes."

The most proven scientific analysis of personality traits is known as the "Big Five," which breaks them down into five spectrums of behavior.

1. Openness to experience: from curious and inventive on one end to cautious and consistent on the other.
2. Conscientiousness: organized and efficient to easygoing and spontaneous.
3. Extroversion: outgoing and energetic to solitary and reserved (you likely know them as extroverts vs introverts).
4. Agreeableness: friendly and compassionate to challenging and detached.
5. Neuroticism: anxious and sensitive to confident, calm, and stable.

All five characteristics have biological underpinnings.